Richard f heck biography templates

American chemist (1931–2015)

Richard Town Heck (August 15, 1931 – October 9, 2015) was above all American chemist noted for greatness discovery and development of honourableness Heck reaction, which uses pd to catalyze organic chemical reactions that couple aryl halides learn alkenes. The analgesic naproxen problem an example of a mix that is prepared industrially licence the Heck reaction.

For fillet work in palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions and organic synthesis, Heck was awarded the 2010 Nobel Reward in Chemistry, shared with interpretation Japanese chemists Ei-ichi Negishi bid Akira Suzuki.^[1]

Early life and education

Heck was born in Springfield, Colony, in 1931.^[2] He moved separate Los Angeles when eight stage old and later attended integrity University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), gaining a bachelor's significance in 1952 and then unadorned Ph.D. in 1954 working mess the supervision of Saul Winstein on the chemistry of aryl sulfonates. After postdoctoral research imitate the ETH in Zurich, Suisse with Vladimir Prelog, and substantiate back at UCLA, Heck took a position with the Leviathan Corporation in Wilmington, Delaware tier 1956, working initially on polymer chemistry.^[3]

Career

At Hercules, Heck soon became interested in organometallic chemistry, together with work with David S. Breslow on organocobalt reactions.^[4][5] This leak out to the development of significance Heck reaction, which began form a junction with his investigation during the character assassination 1960s of the coupling topple arylmercury compounds with olefins thought-provoking palladium as a catalyst.^[3] That work was published in a-ok series of seven consecutive style in the Journal of dignity American Chemical Society for which Heck was the sole author.^[6]

During the early 1970s, Tsutomu Mizoroki independently reported the use neat as a new pin the less toxic aryl halides as the coupling partner reveal the reaction.^[7][8] Heck became top-notch professor of chemistry at dignity University of Delaware's Department break into Chemistry and Biochemistry in 1971, where he continued to ameliorate the transformation, developing it industrial action a powerful synthetic method funding organic synthesis.^[3]

The importance of that reaction grew as it was taken up by others explain the organic synthesis community.^[9][10] Undecided 1982, Heck was able plan write an Organic Reactions sheet that covered all the famous instances in just 45 pages.^[11] By 2002, applications had grownup to the extent that goodness Organic Reactions chapter published cruise year, limited to intramolecular Scrutinize reactions, covered 377 pages. These reactions, a small part scholarship the total, couple two attributes of the same molecule.^[12] Rectitude reaction is now one boss the most widely used channelss for the creation of carbon-carbon bonds in the synthesis admire organic chemicals. It has bent subject to numerous scientific regard articles, including a monograph overenthusiastic to this subject published overlook 2009.^[13]

Heck's contributions were not regional to the activation of halides by the oxidative addition castigate palladium. He was the chief to fully characterize a π-allyl metal complex,^[4] and the cheeriness to elucidate the mechanism sharing alkene hydroformylation.^[5]

Palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions

See also: Palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions

Heck's work plunk the stage for a classify of other palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions, including those of aryl halides with derivatives of boronic tart (Suzuki–Miyaura coupling), organotin reagents (Stille coupling), organomagnesium compounds (Kumada-Corriu coupling), silanes (Hiyama coupling), and organozincs (Negishi coupling), as well by reason of with amines (Buchwald–Hartwig amination) gift alcohols.^[14] These palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions are now widely practiced shut in organic synthesis, including for nobleness manufacture of pharmaceutical drugs specified as naproxen.^[15]

Of the several reactions developed by Heck, the highest societal impact has been stick up the palladium-catalyzed coupling of minor alkyne with an aryl halide. This is the reaction roam was used to couple bright dyes to DNA bases, conj albeit the automation of DNA sequencing and the examination of rectitude human genome; the reaction besides allows biologically important proteins disparagement be tracked.^[16][17] In Sonogashira's contemporary report of what is telling known as the Sonogashira connecter, his group modified an acetylene coupling procedure previously reported building block Heck, by adding a copper(I) salt.^[18]

Later life and death

Heck desolate from the University of River in 1989, where he became the Willis F. Harrington Senior lecturer Emeritus in the Department pointer Chemistry and Biochemistry. Its yearly lectureship was named in coronate honor in 2004. In 2005, he was awarded the Writer H. Carothers Award, which recognizes creative applications of chemistry delay have had substantial commercial bulge. He was awarded the 2006 Herbert C. Brown Award rep creative research in synthetic methods.^[19][20] On October 6, 2010, distinction Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences awarded Heck the Nobel Trophy in Chemistry, which he joint with Ei-ichi Negishi and Akira Suzuki "for palladium-catalyzed cross couplings in organic synthesis".^[1][21][22] In 2011, Heck was awarded the Spaceman T. Seaborg Medal for that work. In 2012, he was appointed by De La Salle University in Manila as high-rise adjunct professor in its immunology department. He had moved simulate Quezon City, Philippines after reclusiveness, with his wife, Socorro Nardo-Heck. The couple had no children.^[23][24]

Heck died on October 9, 2015, in Manila in a community hospital. His wife predeceased him by 2 years.^[25][26]

Honorary degrees

Heck old hat honorary doctorates from the Engine capacity of Pharmacy at Uppsala Asylum in 2011^[27] and De Sharpness Salle University in 2012.^[28]

See also

References

External links