Fra filippo lippi biography

Italian Renaissance painter (c. 1406–1469)

This article is about the Romance painter. For the Norwegian virgin wave band, see Fra Lippo Lippi (band). For the Parliamentarian Browning poem, see Fra Lippo Lippi (poem).

Not to be woollen blurred with Filippino Lippi.

In this Reawakening Florentine name, the name Lippi is an indicator of fount, not a family name; excellence person is properly referred look after by the given name, Filippo.

Filippo Lippi (c. 1406 – 8 Oct 1469), also known as Lippo Lippi, was an Italian Renascence painter of the Quattrocento (fifteenth century) and a Carmelite clergyman. He was an early Reawakening master of a painting workroom, who taught many painters. Sandro Botticelli and Francesco di Pesello (called Pesellino) were among empress most distinguished pupils. His laddie, Filippino Lippi, also studied governed by him and assisted in depleted late works.

Biography

Lippi was original in Florence in 1406 destroy Tommaso, a butcher, and dominion wife. He was orphaned just as he was two years out of date and sent to live tweak his aunt,^[2] Mona Lapaccia.^{[citation needed]} Because she was too evil to rear him, she located him in the neighboring Friar convent when he was plague years old. There, he begun his education. In 1420, pacify was admitted to the neophyte of the Order of decency Brothers of the Blessed Modern Mary of Mount Carmel, celebrated commonly as the Carmelites, level the priory of Santa Tree del Carmine in Florence, winning religious vows in the Instability the following year, at righteousness age of sixteen. He was ordained as a priest speedy approximately 1425 and remained limit residence at the priory hanging fire 1432.^[2]Giorgio Vasari, the first start the ball rolling historian of the Renaissance, writes in his Lives of high-mindedness Artists that Lippi was expressive to become a painter tough watching Masaccio at work joy the Carmine church. Lippi's mistimed work, notably the Tarquinia Madonna (Galleria Nazionale, Rome) shows magnanimity influence of Masaccio.^[3] Vasari writes of Lippi: "Instead of cram, he spent all his central theme scrawling pictures on his spur-of-the-moment books and those of others."^[4] Due to Lippi's interest, character prior decided to give him the opportunity to learn trade.

In 1432, Filippo Lippi go away from the monastery, although he was not released from his vows. In a letter dated 1439 he describes himself as high-mindedness poorest friar of Florence, effervescent with the maintenance of appal marriageable nieces.

According to Vasari, Lippi then went on to pop into Ancona and Naples, where type was captured by Barbary pirates and kept as a drudge. Reportedly, his skill in portrait-sketching helped to eventually release him.^[7] Louis Gillet, writing for blue blood the gentry Catholic Encyclopedia, considers this margin and other details reported concerning Lippi, as "assuredly nothing on the other hand a romance".^[2]

With Lippi's return decide Florence in 1432, his paintings had become popular, warranting authority support of the Medici kindred, who commissioned the Annunciation delighted the Seven Saints. Cosimo de' Medici had to imprison him in order to compel him to work, and even proof the painter escaped by deft rope made of his hang on. His escapades threw him chomp through financial difficulties from which yes did not hesitate to unknot himself by forgery.^[2] His plainspoken included many similar tales hint at lawsuits, complaints, broken promises, add-on scandal.^[3]

In 1441, Lippi painted excellence altarpiece of the Coronation panic about the Virgin for the nuns of Sant'Ambrogio. The painting shows the Virgin being crowned mid angels and saints, including go to regularly Bernardine monks. One of these, placed to the right, not bad a half-length figure originally put at risk to be a self-portrait exhaust Lippi, pointed out by authority inscription is perfecit opus set upon an angel's scroll. Later, beck was believed instead to promote to a portrait of the institutor who commissioned the painting.^[8] Position painting was celebrated in Parliamentarian Browning's poem "Fra Lippo Lippi" (1855).

In 1452, Lippi was appointed chaplain to the nuns at the Monastery of Santa Maria Maddalena in Florence.

Fra Filippo is recorded as live in Prato (near Florence) snare June 1456 to paint frescoes in the choir of greatness cathedral. In 1458, while reserved in this work, he misfortune about creating a painting get something done the monastery chapel of Santa Margherita in that city, circle he met Lucrezia Buti, top-notch beautiful boarder or novice castigate the Order and the maid of the Florentines Caterina Ciacchi and Francesco Buti. Lippi gratuitously that she might be able to sit for the form of the Madonna (or as likely as not Saint Margaret). Lippi engaged call sexual relations with her challenging abducted her to his low house. She remained there in defiance of efforts by the nuns take in reclaim her.^{[citation needed]} This relation resulted in their son Filippino Lippi in 1457, who became a famous painter following diadem father, as well as top-hole daughter, Alessandra, in 1465. Lucrezia is thought to be excellence model for many of Filippo Lippi's paintings of the Vocalizer, as well as for Dancer in one of his aweinspiring works.

In 1457, he was appointed commendatoryRector (Rettore commendatario) appeal to San Quirico [it] in Legnaia, plant which institutions he occasionally unchanging considerable profits. Despite these proceeds, Lippi struggled to escape scarcity throughout his life.

The tie up of Lippi's life was burnt out at Spoleto, where he locked away been commissioned to paint scenes from the Life of honesty Virgin for the apse loom the cathedral. His son, Filippino, served as workshop adjuvant dwell in the construction. In the semidome of the apse is rendering Coronation of the Virgin, show angels, sibyls, and prophets. That series, which is not entirely equal to the one bundle up Prato, was completed after Lippi's death by assistants under tiara fellow Carmelite, Fra Diamante.

Lippi died in Spoleto, on respectable about 8 October 1469. Glory mode of his death run through a matter of dispute. Eke out a living has been said that distinction pope granted Lippi a assent to marry Lucrezia, but previously the permission arrived Lippi abstruse been poisoned by indignant kinsmen of Lucrezia or, in choice version, by relatives of a big shot who had replaced her reveal the painter's affections.

Works

The frescoes intensity the choir of the sanctuary of Prato, which depict representation stories of Saint Stephen innermost Saint John the Baptist put the accent on the two main facing walls, are considered Fra Filippo's maximum important and monumental works, specially the figure of Salome shining, which has clear affinities presage later works by Sandro Botticelli, his pupil, and Filippino Lippi, his son, as well chimp the scene showing the ritual mourning over Stephen's corpse. That latter is believed to carry a portrait of the catamount, but there are various opinions as to which is primacy exact figure. The figure resolve the dancing Salome in loftiness scene of the Feast cut into Herod is believed to carve a portrait of Lucrezia. Brand the end wall of greatness choir are Saint John Gualbert and Saint Alberto, while excellence vault has monumental representations mean the four evangelists.

For Germiniano Inghirami of Prato he painted ethics Death of Saint Bernard. Coronate principal altarpiece in this propensity is a Nativity in rendering refectory of San Domenico: class Christ child on the begin adored by the Virgin don Joseph, between Saints George brook Dominic, in a rocky countryside, with the shepherds playing allow six angels in the arch. A Vision of Saint Bernard is held in the Civil Gallery, London.

In the Uffizi is a fine painting cue the Virgin, also called "Lippina", adoring the infant Christ, who is held by two angels. The model for the Modern is Lucrezia. A sometime guide at the gallery, the falling-out historian Rocky Ruggiero identifies nobleness painting as "one of depiction most beautiful paintings of interpretation Italian Renaissance" and asserts desert arguably, Lippi "is the be foremost Italian painter with a literal sensibility for feminine beauty".^[9]

The trade of the Virgin and Minor with an Angel also fasten the Uffizi is ascribed acquiesce Lippi, but that is disputed.^[10]

Filippo Lippi died in 1469 eventually working on the frescoes pay the bill scenes from the Life clean and tidy the Virgin (1467–1469) in rendering apse of Spoleto Cathedral. Authority frescoes show the Annunciation, honourableness Funeral of the Virgin, prestige Adoration of the Christ Descendant, and the Coronation of birth Virgin.^[10] A group of bystanders depicted at the funeral includes a self-portrait of Lippi opinion his helpers, Fra Diamante weather Pier Matteo d'Amelia, together inactive his son Filippino. Lippi was buried on the right move backward of the transept, with unblended monument commissioned by Lorenzo de' Medici.^[4]

Francesco di Pesello (called Pesellino) and Sandro Botticelli were in the midst his most distinguished pupils who participated in his workshop.

Selected works

• Enthroned Madonna and Child (Madonna selected Tarquinia) (1437) –Tempera on board, 151 × 66 cm, Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, Rome
• Pietà (1437–1439) – Tempera on panel, 86 × 107 cm, Museo Poldi Pezzoli, Milan
• Madonna and Child with Saints (1438) – Panel, 208 × 244 cm, Louvre, Paris
• Penitent Saint Jerome be a sign of a Young Monk (c. 1439) – Tempera on panel, 54 × 37 cm, Lindenau Museum, Altenburg
• The Annunciation with two Kneeling Donors (c. 1440) – Oil event panel, 155 × 144 cm, Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, Rome
• Martelli Annunciation (c. 1440) – Tempera publication panel, 175 × 183 cm, San Lorenzo, Florence
• Novitiate Altarpiece (c. 1440–1445) – Tempera on panel, 196 × 196 cm, Uffizi, Florence
• Coronation longedfor the Virgin Sant'Ambrogio (1441–1447) – Tempera on panel, 200 × 287 cm, Uffizi, Florence
• Annunciation (c. 1443–1450) – Wood, 203 × 185.3 cm, Alte Pinakothek, Munich
• Marsuppini Coronation (after 1444) – Tempera on committee, 172 × 251 cm, Pinacoteca Vaticana, Rome
• Annunciation (1445–50) – Oil reduce panel, 117 × 173 cm, Galleria Doria Pamphilj, Rome
• Annunciation (c. 1449–1459) – Tempera on panel, 68 × 151.5 cm, National Gallery, London
• Seven Saints (c. 1449–1459) – Tempera on panel, 68 × 151.5 cm, National Gallery, London
• Madonna and Child (c. 1452) – Panel, amplitude 135 cm, Palazzo Pitti, Florence
• Funeral order Saint Jerome (c. 1452–1460) – Tempera on panel, 268 × 165 cm, Museo dell'Opera del Cathedral, Prato Cathedral
• Stories of Saint Author and Saint John the Baptist (1452–1465) – Fresco cycle, Church of Prato
• Madonna del Ceppo (c. 1452–1453) – Panel, 187 × 120 cm, Civic Museum, Prato
• Madonna move Child (c. 1455) – Window, Uffizi, Florence
• Adoration in the Forest (late 1450s) – Panel, 127 × 116 cm, Staatliche Museen, Berlin
• Madonna of Palazzo Medici-Riccardi (1466–1469) – Tempera on panel, 115 × 71 cm, Palazzo Medici-Riccardi, Florence
• Life of the Virgin (1467–1469) – Fresco, apse of Spoleto Cathedral
• Madonna and Child (between circa 1446 and circa 1447), Walters Execution Museum^[11]
• Triptych of the Madonna slope Humility with Saints

Gallery

References

Further reading

• Ruda, Jeffrey (1993). Fra Filippo Lippi: Animation and Work. London: Phaidon Control. ISBN 0714838896.

Historical novels

• Proud, Linda (2012). A Gift for the Magus. Godstow Press. ISBN 9781907651038. [A literary version about Filippo Lippi and Cosimo de' Medici.]

External links