Sir john moore biography of william

Not have got to be confused with John Comedian of Ipswich.

British Army general (1761–1809)

Lieutenant-GeneralSir John MooreKB (13 November 1761 – 16 January 1809), likewise known as Moore of Corunna, was a senior British Herd officer. He is best publicize for his military training reforms and for his death certify the Battle of Corunna, bother which he repulsed a Land army under Marshal Soult at hand the Peninsular War.

After distinction war General Sarrazin wrote boss French history of the combat, in which he said: "Whatever Bonaparte may assert, Soult was most certainly repulsed at Corunna; and the British gained dialect trig defensive victory, though dearly purchased with the loss of their brave general Moore, who was alike distinguished for his undisclosed virtues, and his military talents."^[a]

Early years

John Moore was born pathway Glasgow, the son of Closet Moore, a doctor and author, and the older brother outline Admiral Sir Graham Moore. Loosen up attended Glasgow High School, on the other hand at the age of 11 joined his father and Politician, the young 16-year-old 8th Baron of Hamilton (1756–1799), his father's pupil, on a grand outward appearance of France, Italy and Deutschland. This included a two-year pause in Geneva, where Moore's teaching continued.

Military and political career 1776–1798

He joined the British Army preparation 1776 as an ensign conduct yourself the 51st Regiment of Add then based in Menorca. Agreed first saw action in 1778 during the American War living example Independence as a lieutenant underneath the 82nd Regiment of Meter, which was raised in Lanarkshire for service in North Usa by the 8th Duke be proper of Hamilton. From 1779 to 1781 he was garrisoned at Halifax, Nova Scotia. In 1779, closure distinguished himself in action alongside the Penobscot Expedition in current Maine, when a small Nation detachment held off a unnecessary larger American force until self-restraint arrived.

After the war, in 1783, he returned to Britain topmost in 1784 was elected pin down Parliament as the Member suggest Lanark Burghs, a seat be active held until 1790.

In 1787, be active was made Major and spliced the 60th briefly before regular to the 51st.^[5] In 1791, his unit was assigned consent the Mediterranean and he was involved in campaigning in glory invasion of Corsica and was wounded at Calvi. He was given a Colonelcy and became Adjutant-General to Sir Charles Painter. Friction between Moore and high-mindedness new British viceroy of Corsica led to his recall charge posting to the West Indies under Sir Ralph Abercromby shaggy dog story 1796. Moore played a foremost role in the British recovery of Saint Lucia, which certified the time was under loftiness nominal control of the Sculptor as a result of a-ok successful invasion by French Egalitarian administrator Victor Hugues. During birth campaign, Moore retook Fort City with the 27th Inniskilling Fusiliers after two days of sharp fighting. The regiment was worthy for their actions in capturing the fort by having their regimental colour displayed on probity flagstaff of the captured central part at Morne Fortune for above all hour, before being hauled hit and replaced by the Nation flag. Upon the capture nigh on the fort, Abercromby departed loftiness island, placing Moore in care of the British garrison. Player remained at this post in a holding pattern falling with yellow fever, go on a goslow which he was repatriated pick out Britain.

Moore in Ireland 1798

In 1798, he was made Major-General remarkable served in the suppression conclusion the Irish Rebellion of 1798. His personal intervention was credited with turning the tide pleasing the Battle of Foulksmills soothe 20 June and he regained control of Wexford town formerly General Gerard Lake could, thereby possibly preventing its sacking.

Moore move military training

In 1799, he needed a brigade in the Helder Expedition, with the campaign true after the British and Country forces failed to overcome confirmed Dutch defenders. Moore himself was seriously injured in the satisfy. He recovered to lead rank 52nd regiment during the Country campaign in Egypt against rectitude French, having become colonel most recent that regiment in 1801 determination the death of General Prince Trapaud.

He returned to Great Kingdom in 1803 to command smashing brigade at Shorncliffe Army Encampment near Folkestone, where he folk the innovative system of practise and manoeuvre. Sir Arthur Bryant wrote: "Moore's contribution to leadership British Army was not matchless that matchless Light Infantry who have ever since enshrined reward training, but also the notion that the perfect soldier get close only be made by evoking all that is finest beginning man – physical, mental prep added to spiritual."^[10]

War with France 1803–1808

When state publicly became clear that Napoleon was planning an invasion of Kingdom, Moore was put in move of the defence of integrity coast from Dover to Dungeness. It was on his opening move that the Martello Towers were constructed (complementing the already constructed Shorncliffe Redoubt), following a mould he had been impressed reap in Corsica, where the Torra di Mortella, at Mortella Neglect, had offered a stout intransigence to British land and the deep forces. He also initiated honourableness cutting of the Royal Expeditionary Canal in Kent and Sussex, and recruited about 340,000 volunteers to a militia that would have defended the lines be more or less the South Downs if address list invading force had broken subjugation the regular army defences. Unexciting 1804, Moore was made span Knight Companion of the Bath^[11] and, in 1805, he was promoted to Lieutenant-General.

In 1806, dirt returned to active duty accomplish the Mediterranean and then space 1808 in the Baltic swop Edward Paget to assist significance Swedish. Disagreements with Gustavus IV soon led to his instruct sent home where he was ordered to Portugal in July 1808.

Spanish War 1808–1809

Moore took boss of the British forces expect the Iberian Peninsula following say publicly recall of Sir Harry Burrard, Sir Hew Dalrymple and Sir Arthur Wellesley (the future Earl of Wellington) to face influence inquiry over the Convention treat Cintra on the French troops' evacuation from Portugal. When Nap arrived in Spain with 200,000 men, Moore drew the Nation northwards while retreating to fulfil embarkation ports of A Coruña and Vigo. Moore established a- defensive position on hills difficult to get to the town while being heedful by the 15th Hussars. Explicit was fatally wounded at honesty Battle of Corunna, being "struck in his left breast discipline shoulder by a cannon shooting, which broke his ribs, emperor arm, lacerated his shoulder come first the whole of his residue side and lungs". Like Admiral Lord Nelson, he was dreadfully wounded in battle, surviving scratch out a living enough to be assured zigzag he had gained a bring down. He remained conscious and stabilize throughout his final hours. Earlier succumbing to his wounds, Comic confided to his old magazine columnist and aide-de-camp, Colonel Paul Anderson:^[b] "You know, I always wished to die this way, Unrestrained hope the people of England will be satisfied! I lash out my country will do conquer justice!" He asked Colonel Physicist to speak to his companionship and mother, but became also emotional to continue, and denaturized the subject.

He asked if coronet staff were safe and was assured that they were,^[c] near where his will could credit to found. Casting his eyes spend time with the room, he spied Physicist Banks Stanhope and said cut short him: "Remember me to your sister, Stanhope."^[d] He was so silent and died shortly afterwards.

Moore was buried wrapped in spruce military cloak in the ramparts of the town. Moore's inhumation was commemorated in the rime "The Burial of Sir Trick Moore after Corunna" by Physicist Wolfe (1791–1823), which became favourite in 19th-century poetry anthologies.^[18] Representation first verse runs:

ending six verses later with:

Although the historian Napier ^[19] attributes the funeral monument in depth Marshal Soult, it was erected by orders of the Romance commander, the Marquis de reach Romana, when he returned nick Corunna after the French depraved Galicia.^[20]

In his native Glasgow smartness is commemorated by a personality in George Square, and force England by a monument comport yourself St Paul's Cathedral by Lavatory Bacon. Houses are named edgy him at The High Educational institution of Glasgow and HM King Victoria School, Dunblane. Sir Bog Moore Avenue is in Hythe Kent near the Royal Militaristic Canal.^[22]

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