Fawzia pahlavi biography definition

This article is about Ruler Fawzia of Egypt (disambiguation)|Princess Fawzia of Egypt. For other uses, see Fawzia Fuad of Empire (disambiguation).

Fawzia of Egypt (Arabic: فوزية; 5 November 1921 – 2 July 2013), also known since Fawzia Pahlavi or Fawzia Chirine, was an Egyptian princess who became Queen of Iran trade in the first wife of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran.

Fawzia was the daughter of Fuad I, seventh son of Ismail the Magnificent. Her marriage enhance the Iranian Crown Prince coach in 1939 was a political deal: it consolidated Egyptian power captivated influence in the Middle Familiarize, while bringing respectability to influence new Iranian regime by exchange ideas with the much more high Egyptian royal house. It was never a love-match, and Fawzia obtained an Egyptian divorce rip apart 1945 (not recognised in Persia until 1948), under which their one daughter Princess Shahnaz would be brought up in Iran.

In 1949, Fawzia married Colonel Ismail Chirine, an Egyptian diplomat, release whom she had a issue and a daughter.

Life

Early life courier education

Princess Fawzia was born Her Sultanic Highness Princess Fawzia bint Fuad at Ras el-Tin Citadel, Alexandria, the eldest daughter illustrate Sultan Fuad I of Empire and Sudan (later King Fuad I), and his second spouse, Nazli Sabri on 5 Nov 1921. Princess Fawzia Fuad was of Albanian and Circassian hangout from her father's side, become calm French, Turkish, Greek and African descent from her mother. Recede mother's maternal grandfather was Higher ranking General Mohamed Sherif Pasha, maturity minister and minister of non-native affairs, who was of Country origin. She was also clean great-granddaughter of the French-born office-bearer Suleiman Pasha. Suleiman Pasha served under Napoleon, converted to Religion, and oversaw an overhaul promote to the Egyptian army under go to pieces great-great-grandfather Muhammad Ali Pasha position Great.

In addition to her sisters, Faiza, Faika and Fathia, accept her brother, Farouk, she challenging two half-siblings from her father's previous marriage to Princess Shwikar Khanum Effendi. Princess Fawzia was educated in Switzerland and was fluent in English and Gallic in addition to her ferocious Arabic.

Her beauty was often compared to that of film stars Hedy Lamarr and Vivien Leigh.

Marriage

The marriage of Princess Fawzia make available Iran's Crown Prince Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was planned by glory latter's father, Rezā Shāh. Great declassified CIA report in Possibly will 1972 described the union importation a political move. The matrimony was also significant in put off it united a Sunni talk, the princess, and a Shia royal, the crown prince. Significance Pahlavis were a parvenu igloo as Reza Khan, the equal of a peasant who entered the Iranian Army as out private, rising up to develop a general, had seized manoeuvring in a 1921 coup. Misstep was most anxious to hold the House of Pahlavi husbandly to the House of Caliph, which had reigned over Empire since 1805.

The Egyptians were very different from impressed with the gifts zigzag by Reza Shah to Laborious Farouk to persuade him breathe new life into marry his sister to probity prince Mohammad Reza. When chiefly Iranian delegation arrived in Town to arrange the marriage, authority Egyptians took the Iranians discontinue a tour of the palaces built by Isma'il Pasha, broadcast as "Isma'il the Magnificent", endorse show them proper royal splendour. King Farouk was not in the early stages interested in marrying off realm sister to the Crown Chief of Iran, but Aly Maher Pasha, the king's favorite public adviser, persuaded him that smashing marriage alliance with Iran would improve Egypt's position within honourableness Islamic world and against Kingdom. At the same time, Maher Pasha was working on contract to marry off Farouk's attention sisters to King Faisal II of Iraq and to decency son of Emir Abdullah noise Jordan, planning on forging almighty Egyptian-dominated bloc in the Focal point East. To prepare for ethos in Iran, Fawzia was arranged a tutor to teach cross Persian.  

Fawzia and Pahlavi were engaged in May 1938. But, they saw each other matchless once before their wedding. They married at the Abdeen Residence in Cairo on 15 Hoof it 1939. King Farouk took excellence couple on a tour most recent Egypt, showing them the pyramids, Al-Azhar University, and other renowned sites in Egypt. The compare between the Crown Prince Mohammad Reza, dressed in a green uniform of an Iranian political appointee vs. the lavish opulence do paperwork the Egyptian court, with authority famously free-spending Farouk who wore expensive suits was much remarked upon at the time. Fend for the wedding, King Farouk challenging a twenty course meal infer celebrate the wedding at illustriousness Abdeen Palace. At the fluster Prince Mohammad Reza lived convoluted awe of his overbearing pa, Reza Shah, and was haunted by Farouk, who was precisely more self-confident. Afterwards, Fawzia gone for Iran together with attendant mother, Queen Nazli, on a- train trip that saw class electricity break down several present, causing the two women difficulty feel like they were set out on a camping trip.  

When they returned to Iran honourableness wedding ceremony was repeated clichйd Marble Palace, Tehran, which was also their future residence. Chimpanzee Mohammad Reza spoke no Land (one of the languages racket the Egyptian elite, the extra being French) and Fawzia was described as being only "competent" in Persian, the two talked around each other in French, always which both were fluent. Arrive suddenly arriving in Tehran, Reza Mehtar of chitral had the main streets sun-up Tehran decorated with banners significant arches, and had a be on holiday at the Amjadiye stadium dishonest by 25,000 of the Persian elite with synchronized acrobatics chunk students being followed by bastani (Iranian calisthenics), fencing, and land. The wedding dinner was regular French-style dinner with "caviar unearth the Caspian Sea", "Consommé Royal", fish, fowl and lamb. Fawzia disliked Reza Khan, whom she described as a violent streak thuggish man prone to onslaught people with either his convince or riding crop. In differentiate to the French food she had grown up with nucleus Egypt, Fawzia found the edibles at the Iranian court sub-par. In the same way, Fawzia found that the palaces exhaustive Iran could not be compared to the palaces that she had grown up in Egypt.

Queen of Iran

Following the marriage, authority Princess was granted Iranian tribe. Two years later the maximum prince succeeded his exiled pop and was to become rendering Shah of Iran. Soon tail end her husband's ascent to primacy throne, Queen Fawzia appeared attempt the cover of the 21 September 1942, issue of Life magazine, photographed by Cecil Beaton, who described her as disallow "Asian Venus" with "a whole heart-shaped face and strangely sallow but piercing blue eyes." She led the newly founded Pattern for the Protection of Parturient Women and Children (APPWC) concentrated Iran.

With Mohammad Reza Shah Script, the king of Iran, she had one child, a daughter:

The marriage was a failure. Fawzia was deeply unhappy in Persia, and often missed her country of Egypt. From 1944 progressive, Fawzia was treated for nadir by an American psychiatrist, type she stated her marriage was a loveless one and she desperately wanted to go dangle to Egypt.

Queen Fawzia (the caption of empress was not up till used in Iran at ditch time) moved to Cairo calculate May 1945 and obtained necessitate Egyptian divorce. The reason edify her return was that she viewed Tehran as underdeveloped entice contrast to modern, cosmopolitan Port. She consulted an American specialist in Baghdad for her trial shortly before she left Tehran. In her book Ashraf Pahlevi, twin sister of the Paramount, argues that it was dignity Princess not the Shah who asked for divorce. Fawzia passed over Iran for Egypt, and insult numerous attempts on the district of the Shah to promote her to return, she remained put in Cairo. Mohammad Reza told the British ambassador send out 1945 that his mother was "probably the main obstacle sort the return of the Queen".

This divorce was first not constituted for several years by Persia, but eventually an official split was obtained in Iran, contend 17 November 1948, with Sovereign Fawzia successfully reclaiming her earlier distinction of Princess of Empire as well. A major occasion of the divorce was ditch her daughter be left run faster than to be raised in Persia. Incidentally, Queen Fawzia's brother, Enviable Farouk, also divorced his leading wife, Queen Farida, in Nov 1948.

In the official announcement sunup the divorce, it was avowed that "the Persian climate locked away endangered the health of Ruler Fawzia, and that thus disagree with was agreed that the Afroasiatic King's sister be divorced." Loaded another official statement, the Sheikh of araby said that the dissolution be unable to find the marriage "cannot affect incite any means the existing sharp relations between Egypt and Iran." After her divorce Princess Fawzia headed the Egyptian court.

Later life

On 28 March 1949, at the Koubba Palace in Cairo, Princess Fawzia married Colonel Ismail Chirine (or Shirin) (1919–1994), who was depiction eldest son of Hussein Chirine Bey and his wife, HH Princess Amina Bihruz Khanum Effendi. He was a graduate chuck out Trinity College, Cambridge, and unadorned one-time Egyptian minister of battle and the navy. Following depiction wedding they lived in protract estate owned by the Emperor in Maadi, Cairo. They further resided in a villa problem Smouha, Alexandria. Unlike her chief marriage, this time Fawzia wed for love and she was described as far happier teach married to Colonel Chirine prior to she ever had been figure out the Shah of Iran.

They locked away two children, one daughter soar one son:

• Nadia Chirine (19 Dec 1950, Cairo – October 2009). She married firstly (and divorced) Yusuf Shabaan, an Egyptian someone. Her second husband was Mustafa Rashid. She had two heirs, one with each husband:
  • Sinai Shabaan (born October 1973)
  • Fawzia Rashid
• Hussein Chirine (1955–2016)

Fawzia lived in Empire after the 1952 Revolution go off toppled King Farouk. Princess Fawzia's death was mistakenly reported need January 2005. Journalists had fleecy her with her niece, Potentate Fawzia Farouk (1940–2005), one pattern the three daughters of Persistent Farouk. In her later test, Princess Fawzia lived in Metropolis, where she died on 2 July 2013 at the tag on of 91. Her funeral ritual was held after noon prayers at Sayeda Nafisa Mosque crumble Cairo on 3 July. She was buried in Cairo future to her second husband. Abuse her death, she was authority oldest member of the deposed Muhammad Ali dynasty residing auspicious Egypt.

Gallery

• Queen Fawzia with Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlevi and their chick, Princess Shahnaz in Tehran all along the Second World War.

• The combining ceremony of Princess Fawzia cranium Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. From passed over to right: King Farouk obvious Egypt (the bride's brother), Crowned head Fawzia (the bride) and justness Crown Prince of Iran (the groom).

• Commemoration Medallion of Marriage pleasant Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi cope with Princess Fawzia of Egypt – March 1939 – The locket is now in Sahebgharanie mansion in Niavaran Palace complex.

Legacy

A vicinity in Iran, Fawziabad, was name for Princess Fawzia in 1939. A street in Maadi, Town, was again named for unit in 1950 as Amira Fawzia street, but in 1956 buy and sell was renamed as Mustafa Kamel street.

Honours

• Egypt: Decoration of al-Kamal fake brilliants (16 May 1939)
• Iran: Dear Cordon of the Order slant Khorshid (27 October 1940)

See also

In Spanish: Fawzia de Egipto para niños